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71.
放射性肺损伤是胸部肿瘤放疗后常见并发症,随着对放射性肺炎研究不断深入,如何为基础研究和药物干预寻求最佳的动物模型和效应评价已成为当前亟待解决的难题之一。通过检索近10年文献,对不同放射性肺损伤模型动物及放射部位的选择、照射剂量的确定、照射方法的比较和动物模型效应评价进行了对比研究,以期寻找建立放射性肺损伤动物模型的稳定方法和较为明确的效应机制,为防护和减缓放射性肺损伤的发生发展而进行的基础研究和药物研制提供可靠的方法。 相似文献
72.
73.
Anna Rosenblum David C. Landy Michael A. Perrone Noelle Whyte Richard Kang 《The Journal of arthroplasty》2019,34(3):446-449
Background
We sought to examine the association between having a psychiatric condition and undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI).Methods
A matched case-control study was performed to control for age and gender. All patients over 16 years of age with FAI treated with hip arthroscopy by a single surgeon were randomly matched to a patient of the same age and gender undergoing knee arthroscopy for any diagnosis other than infection by the same surgeon during the same period. Conditional logistic regression was used to compare the odds of having a psychiatric condition between groups.Results
Fifty-one matched pairs of patients undergoing hip and knee arthroscopy were identified. Each group contained 35 females (69%) and had a mean age of 33.6 years. Of the 51 hip arthroscopy cases, 23 (45.1%) had a psychiatric condition. Of the 51 knee arthroscopy controls, 11 (21.6%) had a psychiatric condition. Patients undergoing hip arthroscopy were statistically significantly more likely to have a psychiatric condition compared to patients undergoing knee arthroscopy with an odds ratio of 3.4 (95% confidence interval 1.3-9.2, P < .01).Conclusion
There was a strong association between having a psychiatric condition and undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAI. More research should be done investigating psychiatric conditions among patients with FAI and whether this association can identify strategies to optimize patient outcomes. 相似文献74.
75.
Margaret H. Lauerman Karen Irizarry Clint Sliker Brandon R. Bruns Ronald Tesoriero Thomas M. Scalea Deborah M. Stein 《Injury》2019,50(1):131-136
Background
Current blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) grading grossly differentiates injury characteristics such as luminal stenosis (LS) and aneurysmal disease. The effect of increasing degree of LS beyond the current BCVI grading scale on stroke formation is unknown.Study Design
BCVI over a 3-year period were retrospectively reviewed. To investigate influence of LS beyond the BCVI grading scale within aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal BCVI, grade 2 BCVI were subdivided into BCVI with ≥ 25% and ≤ 50% LS and BCVI with > 50% and ≤ 99% LS. Grade 3 BCVI were subdivided into BCVI with pseudoaneurysm (PSA) without LS and BCVI with PSA and LS. We hypothesized increased LS beyond the current BCVI grade distinctions would be associated with higher rates of stroke formation.Results
312 BCVI were included, of which 140 were carotid BCVI and 172 vertebral BCVI. Sixteen carotid BCVI underwent endovascular intervention (EI) and 19 suffered a stroke. In carotid BCVI stroke rates increased sequentially with BCVI grade except in grade 3. There was a stroke rate of 12% in grade 1 carotid BCVI, 18% in grade 2, 6% in grade 3, and 31% in grade 4. In subgroup analysis for grade 2 carotid BCVI, BCVI with > 50% and ≤ 99% LS had higher rates of stroke (22% vs. 15%, p?=?0.44) than BCVI with ≥ 25% and ≤ 50% LS. In subgroup analysis of grade 3 carotid BCVI, BCVI with PSA and LS had higher rates of stroke (9% vs. 4%, p?=?0.48) than BCVI with PSA without LS. Higher rates of EI in grade 2 carotid BCVI with > 50% and ≤ 99% LS (22% vs. 5%, p?=?0.14) and grade 3 carotid BCVI with PSA and LS (35% vs. 4%, p?=?0.01) were noted in subgroup analysis.Conclusion
Higher percentage LS beyond the currently used BCVI grading scale has a non-significantly increased rate of stroke in both aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal BCVI. Grade 3 BCVI with PSA and LS seems to be a high-risk subgroup. Use of EI confounds modern measurement of stroke risk in higher LS BCVI. 相似文献76.
77.
Objective To prove the efficacy of peritoneal dialysis on shock wave-induced acute lung injury of rats, and analyze its mechanisms. Methods Forty-five adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, sham operation (Sham) group and peritoneal dialysis (PD) group. Sham group and PD group did abdominal catheterization before blast injury. The 55 kg shock wave (bst-I) was used to induce lung blast injury. After one hour of blast injury, PD group was given 2.5% peritoneal dialysate 20 ml to stay abdomen, which was released 30 min posted, repeated 12 cycles. After 6 hours of peritoneal dialysis, all of the rats were sacrificed. Partial damaged tissues in lung were used to evaluate the pathomorphologic changes by HE staining, and the remnants were used to measure the lung water content. Lung function was detected by blood gas analyzer and small animal detector from the arterial blood gas. The levels of serum inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were tested by ELISA. Results The relative integrity of alveolar structure, interstitial edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in PD group were significantly improved than those in control group. The lung water content of PD group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 in serum of PD group were significantly lower than those in control group (all P<0.05). The blood oxygen saturation, oxygen partial pressure, oxygenation index, vital capacity, functional residual volume and maximum mid-expiratory flow rate in PD group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Through reducing pulmonary edema and inflammatory factors, peritoneal dialysis can improve lung function in shock wave -induced acute lung injury of rats. 相似文献
78.
José Allan Martínez Vázquez Carlos Sánchez García Lorena Rodríguez Muñoz Rogelio Osvaldo Martínez Ramírez 《Reumatología clinica》2019,15(6):e114-e115
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis frequent in children younger than 5 years of age. It involves coronary arteries and other medium-sized vessels. There also exists evidence of inflammatory and proliferative changes affecting the biliary tract and lymphocyte infiltration of the renal interstitial. We describe the case of a 9-year-old girl who developed high-grade fever, bilateral non-purulent conjunctivitis, «strawberry» tongue, desquamation of the fingers and toes, cholestatic syndrome, edema and elevated serum creatinine. KD is a diagnostic challenge for the pediatrician. In every patient with high-grade fever, cholestasis and acute kidney injury, KD should be included in the differential diagnosis, even though more research is necessary to evaluate this atypical association. 相似文献
79.
David M. Glassman Erik Magnusson Julie Agel Carlo Bellabarba Richard J. Bransford 《The spine journal》2019,19(4):687-694
BACKGROUND CONTEXT
Although facet dislocations account for only 6% of cervical trauma, the consequences are often devastating. Cervical facet dislocations are associated with a disproportionate amount of spinal cord injuries; however, neurologic examination of patients is often difficult, as patients commonly present with reduced levels of consciousness. There are limited studies that have investigated the impact of spinal canal diameter and translation on neurologic injury following facet dislocations.PURPOSE
Review a consecutive series of patients with facet dislocations to assess the impact of sagittal diameter and translation on Spinal Cord Injury (SCI).STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective review at a level I trauma center identified 97 patients with facet dislocations.METHODS
Between 2004 and 2014, a retrospective review at a level I trauma center identified patients with traumatic facet dislocation. Demographic data, neurologic exams, and radiographic findings were reviewed. We assessed sagittal diameter at the injury level, as well as above and below, and translation. This study has no funding source and its authors have no potential conflicts of interest-associated biases.RESULTS
Ninety-seven patients presented with facet dislocations. Fifty-nine (61%) presented with a SCI. Those with ASIA A averaged 8.0 mm of injury level canal diameter, and ASIA E averaged 12.6 mm (p < .001). Additionally, those with ASIA A averaged 8.0 mm of translation, and ASIA E averaged 4.2 mm (p < 0.001). Two groups were created based on their general motor function. Those with ASIA A–C averaged 8.4 mm of injury level canal diameter, and ASIA D–E averaged 12.3 mm (p < .001). Those with ASIA A–C averaged 7.8 mm of translation, and ASIA D–E averaged 4.4 mm (p < .001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that translation was a good predictor of ASIA A–C and canal diameter was an almost perfect predictor of ASIA D–E.CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that patients with greater translation and/or a smaller canal diameter at the injury level have a higher rate of SCI. Adjacent canal diameter did not correlate with neurologic injury. 相似文献80.
《中国现代医生》2020,58(26):168-170+175
目的 探讨集束化护理在心内科危重患者压力性损伤管理中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年7~12月在心内科住院并病情危重的患者70例作为研究对象,分为对照组与观察组,每组各35例,其中对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予集束化护理,并比较分析两组患者压力性损伤的发生率、压力性损伤发生程度、压力性损伤发生时间以及压力性损伤护理满意度的情况。结果 集束化护理管理的观察组压疮发生率要低于常规护理的对照组的压力性损伤发生率(P0.05),观察组患者压力性损伤程度好于对照组(P0.05),观察组患者压力性损伤的发生时间长于对照组患者的压力性损伤发生时间(P0.05),观察组患者经过集束化护理后满意度要高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.039)。结论 对心内科危重患者进行集束化护理管理措施,能够有效降低心内科患者压力性损伤的发生率及严重程度,同时还延缓了压力性损伤的发生时间,并提升了患者的护理满意度,具有较好的应用效果。 相似文献